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Chronic venous thrombosis is a condition that affects the veins, leading to the formation of blood clots in the veins over time. These clots can obstruct blood flow, causing various symptoms and complications. In this blog, we will explore what chronic venous thrombosis is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Understanding this condition is essential for managing it effectively and preventing further health issues. What Is Chronic Venous Thrombosis? Chronic venous thrombosis (CVT) occurs when a blood clot, or thrombus, forms in the veins and remains for a long period. It typically develops in the deep veins, most commonly in the legs, and is often linked to conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Unlike acute venous thrombosis, which happens suddenly, chronic venous thrombosis takes time to develop and can cause ongoing issues with blood flow. Symptoms of Chronic Venous Thrombosis The symptoms of chronic venous thrombosis can vary, but the most common ones incl

  An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein. Normally, blood flows from the arteries to smaller blood vessels called capillaries, and then to the veins. However, in an AV fistula, blood bypasses the capillaries and flows directly from the artery into the vein. This can cause complications, including reduced blood flow to tissues and organs. AV fistulas can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to surgery , injury, or conditions like dialysis. In medical treatments like dialysis, an AV fistula is intentionally created to provide access to blood vessels. Why Are AV Fistulas Important for Dialysis Patients? For patients undergoing long-term dialysis, an AV fistula is often the preferred method of vascular access. This connection allows for easy and efficient removal and return of blood during the dialysis process. The fistula is created surgically by connecting an artery and a vein in the arm, usually the non-dom